New research from Northern Medical Program Professor Dr. Russ Callaghan has found that Canadian minimum age of tobacco sales laws are effective in limiting smoking in underage youth.
Dr. Callaghan and his team looked at data from seven Canadian Community Health Surveys (2000-2014), which assess health-related behaviours among Canadians at least 15 years old. They found that in comparison to age groups slightly younger than the minimum age, those just older had significant and abrupt increases in reporting current or daily smoking immediately after reaching legal age.
“Surprisingly little is known about the international effectiveness of minimum age laws on youth smoking,” said Dr. Callaghan, the study’s lead author. “Given that these laws appear to limit smoking behaviour among age-restricted youth, it is reasonable to argue that raising the age to 21 years would likely decrease smoking behaviour in newly restricted age groups.
“The findings also suggest that raising the minimum age would likely be an important policy option to help Canada achieve the federal government’s ambitious goal of reducing smoking to five per cent in the population by 2035.”
Health Canada, provincial tobacco control leaders, and research organizations, as well as provincial lawmakers, have proposed raising the minimum age for tobacco sales (MATS) to 21 years as a key policy option for reducing the country’s tobacco-smoking epidemic. Current Canadian MATS laws are 18 years in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Quebec, the Yukon and Northwest Territories, and 19 years in B.C. and the rest of the country.
“My hope is that these findings will help policymakers and public health officials gauge the effectiveness of MATS laws and help them implement evidence-based legislation and policies to reduce tobacco use in Canada and other countries worldwide,” said Dr. Callaghan.
The project included an international team of researchers from UNBC, University of Toronto, and University of Arizona.
- This published study is the completion of a $75,000 research project funded in 2017 through theCanadian Institutes of Health Research Institute of Human Development, Child and Youth Health (CIHR-IHDCYH).
o The CIHR-IHDCYH invested $1.85 million to fund 25 one-year projects that are using existing data to answer novel research questions and test innovative hypotheses with the potential to improve reproductive, maternal and child health outcomes.
- The study was recently published in Tobacco Control, an international peer review journal.
The article can be accessed via: http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/cgi/rapidpdf/tobaccocontrol-2017-053869?ijkey=kaazcb5z01Pfolz&keytype=ref - In 2017, Health Canada listed raising the minimum age of tobacco sales in Canada as key policy option to reduce the smoking epidemic in Canada (see: https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/hc-sc/documents/programs/future-tobacco-control/future-tobacco-control-consultation-eng.pdf)
- Recently, five US states (California, Hawaii, New Jersey, Maine, and Oregon) have raised tobacco minimum age laws from 18 to 21 years as a means to reduce tobacco use in the population.
- The study is part of Dr. Callaghan’s ongoing research assessing the national and international effectiveness of tobacco minimum age laws to reduce youth smoking and smoking-related illnesses and deaths in society.
